The aim of the review is to explore the implications for Africa of the various proposals and ideas contained in the negotiating text to inform Africa’s negotiating positions on all the elements of the Bali Action Plan, with a view to ensuring that the continent’s concerns are adequately met in a post-2012 climate change agreement. The study was commissioned by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa at the request of the secretariat of the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN). It was undertaken in the context of the interim activities under the Climate for Development in Africa (Climdev-Africa) Programme of the African Climate Policy Centre (ACPC).