The northern Mozambique Channel is one of the world’s globally outstanding marine biodiversity areas and serves as a biological reservoir for the entire coastal East African region. Endemism is marked and overall reef diversity is second only to the southeast Asia’s Coral Triangle, with an estimated 400 plus hard coral species. The oceanographic mechanisms that have created the Coral Triangle are strongly paralleled in our landscape. Owing to its consequent high productivity, it is one of the most important breeding and foraging areas for key indicator and flagship marine species. The provisional demarcation of this area includes northern Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, northern Mozambique and southern Tanzania, and may extend as far as the southernmost Seychelles.