The report analyzes the concept of improving the rate of resource productivity faster than the economic growth rate, also known as “decoupling.” The report stresses the need for massive investment in technological, financial and social innovation, to freeze per capita consumption in wealthy countries and assist developing countries to identify a sustainable path. The report underscores that the world is running out of cheap and high quality sources of oil, copper and gold, and that these require rising volumes of fossil fuels and freshwater to produce.