All exposure determinations and risk assessments ultimately depend on accurate chemical analyses, and therefore some critical aspects of analysis for 2,4-D residues have been included in the present document. The available ...

Technical endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10, 10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6, 9,9a, hexahydro 6,9-methano-2,4,3-benodioxathiepin, 3-oxide) is a brown crystalline substance consisting of alpha- and beta-isomers in the ratio of approximately ...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) constitute a large class of compounds, and hundreds of individual substances may be released during incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic matter, an important source of human ...

Tributyltin (TBT) compounds are organic derivatives of tetravalent tin. They are characterized by the presence of covalent bonds between carbon atoms and a tin atom and have the general formula (n-C4H9)3Sn-X (where X ...

Permethrin was first synthesized in 1973 and marketed in 1977 as a photostable pyrethroid. Approximately 600 tonnes per year of permethrin is at present used world-wide, mostly for agricultural purposes. It has a potential ...

Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) is one of several ethers that may be used as fuel additives and is currently by far the dominant one. Ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE), tertiary-amyl methyl ether (TAME), tertiary-amyl ...

Heptachlor is a white crystalline solid with a mild camphor odour. It is used as an insecticide. Gas chromatography with electron capture detection is the method most commonly used for heptachlor determination. Heptachlor ...

Acetonitrile (CH3CN) is a by-product of acrylonitrile manufacture. It may also be formed by the combustion of wood and vegetation. It is a liquid with an ether-like odour. Acetonitrile is a volatile, highly polar ...

Aluminium is a silvery-white, ductile and malleable metal. It belongs to group IIIA of the Periodic Table, and in compounds it is usually found as AlIII. It forms about 8% of the earth's crust and is one of the most reactive ...

Chlorophenols (CPs) are organic chemicals formed from phenol (1-hydroxybenzene) by substitution in the phenol ring with one or more atoms of chlorine. Nineteen congeners are possible, ranging from monochlorophenols to ...