This chapter examines the international scenario literature to assess to what extent current and long-term trends are in line with achieving these targets, and to understand and highlight potential implementation gaps.

This chapter assesses the scenario literature for possible pathways that would achieve those targets, thereby closing the implementation gap (Table 21 2). The focus is on the question of what would be needed to achieve ...

This paper summarizes the core environmental challenges in the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) region. It is an adapted and extended version of the Environmental Outlook for the West Asia Region (Abumoghli I. 2019), published ...

Human activity can have a detrimental effect on forests and other parts of the environment, and Goal 15 pledges to reduce or reverse these consequences to provide a more viable ecological platform for sustainable development.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a new mode of governance through shared goals instead of legally binding international agreements. Nevertheless, global action is required as the sustainability challenges ...