This Pan-African Action Agenda on Ecosystem Restoration for Increased Resilience proposes policy measures, strategic actions, cooperation mechanisms and on-the-ground actions to advance land and ecosystem restoration in Africa. The production of this document was facilitated by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in cooperation with UN Environment and various other partners and stakeholders, particularly the CBD Focal Points, other stakeholders including technical government institutions, civil society and academia. Draft elements of the Action Agenda were discussed during the second preparatory meeting for African Ministerial Summit on Biodiversity and the meeting of the expert group for the Seventh Special Session of the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN) that took place on 16-17 September 2018 in Nairobi. The draft elements were supported by the ministerial segment of the seventh special session of AMCEN, held on 19 September 2018.