Critical, green or strategic minerals, are essential raw materials used in various industries, including renewable energy technologies and electric mobility. They play a crucial role in enabling the transition to a cleaner and more sustainable energy and transport system. Critical minerals refer to metallic and non-metallic elements that are essential for the economic and national security of states, especially advanced manufacturing and technology, and that are at risk of supply chain disruption or, by some measures, have substantial environmental impacts associated with their extraction, use or disposal.