Insufficient handling of municipal waste in the Republic of Serbia results in severe repercussions for both public health and overall well-being. Fires are the primary source of landfill air pollution in Serbia and landfill gas contributes to landfill fires. Due to climate change and the increase in the amount of inadequately disposed waste, the trend of increasing the number of landfill fires can be expected to continue in the coming period. The increase in use of lithium batteries is also a cause for increasing fire risk.