A number of transboundary water agreements exist in Africa. However, many of these agreements are limited to larger basins such as the Nile, Niger, Senegal or Volta. There are very few international river basin agreements or cooperative arrangements in the small transboundary basins where development activities such as dam building and/or irrigation development are currently taking place. Such changes affect water redistribution and could pose, on one hand, a potential threat for conflict, on the other hand, could provide opportunities for cooperation.