This report brings together multiple lines of evidence derived from a wide range of sources. It draws upon targets, commitments and activities of countries as reported in national biodiversity Strategies and action plans (NBSAPS) and national reports, as well as Parties’ own assessments of progress towards the Aichi biodiversity Targets. It takes into account information on the status and trends of biodiversity reported by Parties and in the scientific literature, and makes use of indicator based statistical extrapolations to 2020 as well as longer term model based scenarios.