A pilot project on ‘’Enhancing communities’ adaptive capacity to climate change in droughtprone hotspots of the Blue Nile Basin in Ethiopia’’ was implemented in Woreilu Wereda, South Wollo of Ethiopia from Oct 2011 to Feb 2013. The objectives of the project were (1) to understand key socioeconomic factors of dry land communities affecting adoption, collective action and effective utilization of land and water management (LWM) interventions; (2) create a knowledge base forum at local level to share best practices; (3) assemble knowledge base to integrate LWM interventions and approaches, and improve local climate adaptation capacity; and (4) generate local scientific evidence that may contribute to the regional and global policy debate on climate change issues.