This report provides an assessment of key government institutions, the private sector, and civil society in the area of development, environment and natural resources management. It identifies their roles, mandates and policies. It also highlights their challenges and areas requiring support and action to address them. Based on this assessment, the report provides recommendations with regards to the areas for potential PEI support. These areas have to be further analyzed and prioritized in order to develop a plan for PEI in Botswana. A synthesis of the key issues arising from the analysis and suggested areas for PEI engagement in Botswana is presented in the Executive Summary.