Climate variability and change has been experienced in many parts of the world and add to the challenges that face livelihoods and ecosystems. Rwanda is one of the most vulnerable countries and adaptation of human and natural systems has become a growing priority, recognizing the urgency. However, there is no single approach to adaptation to climate change, but rather a series of strategies and processes according to the context and spatio-temporal decision scale. One of these approaches is Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA). This approach is based on the management of ecosystems in order to support the people and society that depend on these ecosystems adapt to the adverse effects of climate change.