The 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is part of a cluster of biodiversity-related MEAs that includes, among others, its Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization. The CBD is now leading the preparation of a post-2020 global biodiversity framework, with targets for 2030, aimed at ultimately achieving its 2050 vision of Living in Harmony with Nature, as mandated by CBD COP decision 14/3. This study outlines the specifics of the above four chemicals and waste conventions and how through regulations on chemicals and waste management they contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and the services provided by ecosystems, most recently called “nature’s contributions to people” (NCP) by IPBES in its 2019 Global Assessment Report.