This report is a first attempt at gathering, analyzing and presenting data to demonstrate the everyday reality for the one billion people in Africa who walk and cycle every day. It baselines conditions in all 54 African countries and highlights inspiring best practices. It sets out recommendations for governments and other stakeholders and makes the case for retaining, enabling and protecting those already moving in the most sustainable way possible. It establishes the basis for investing in walking and cycling to ensure prosperous African urban and rural mobility landscapes based on inclusive growth and Sustainable Development. The report has been developed by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHabitat) and the Walk21 Foundation. It uses existing data sources and interprets them through a walking and cycling lens.