This National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) for Afghanistan has been prepared by the National Environmental Protection Agency of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, with technical and advisory inputs from relevant government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, international development organizations and user groups at both national and provincial levels. The NBSAP’s purpose is two-fold: firstly, to provide the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan with a policy document that can help guide the development of the country’s future biodiversity conservation and management programming, and secondly to communicate biodiversity conservation priorities in Afghanistan to the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (a requirement of all countries acceding to the Convention), to other government agencies in Afghanistan, and to Afghanistan’s development partners.