In 2020, world leaders will meet in China to agree on a new set of commitments to conserve nature. They will also review progress towards targets set in 2010; but the news is not all good. Only a quarter of land on Earth is substantively free of the impacts of human activities. This is projected to decline to just one tenth by 2050.The implications of such drastic changes in nature for human health, well-being, security and economic development are staggering.