Total Hg monitoring in the environment provides limited data, and speciation/fractionation analysis is mandatory as it provides useful information related to anthropogenic sources, distribution of Hg forms, potential toxicity and health risk. For example, it used to understand: (i) the transportation of Hg is from its sources to the local human environment and wildlife; (ii) how Hg is bound in the environment and its availability to cause adverse effects, and (iii) the transformation and build-up of monomethyl mercury (MMeHg) in biota in aquatic and terrestrial foods.