The aim of the Stockholm+50 Leadership Dialogues is to engage governments, international organizations, major groups and stakeholders, as well as the private sector to overcome barriers to implementation, connect actions and create the pathways to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Leadership Dialogue 3 focuses on “Accelerating the implementation of the environmental dimension of Sustainable Development in the context of the Decade of Action”. The timing is critical because COVID19, the climate, biodiversity and pollution crises, extreme inequalities, and the digital divide compel us to accelerate the pace of change. This background paper provides context for the Dialogue and highlights key questions to ensure that we move from the commitment to action.