An important first step in the application process is to clearly identify the problem(s) that lead to the need for this project. The main rationale for the project should be defined as a solution to the problem(s) in a way that allows others understand the intentions of the intervention, the proposed activities and results, key roles and responsibilities, and the resources required for the successful delivery of the project and ultimately a sustainable solution to the stated problem. This document sets out project development tools and considerations that may assist applicants in the conceptualisation of their project prior to fill in the application forms. The document uses the principles of “Results Based Management” and the “Theory of Change”, as outlined in Appendix 1, to show how a project can be conceptualised. An example project is presented in this document to serve as illustration of how to move from project idea, through project planning, to sound project design and management that will be reflected in the narrative and financial application forms. This example project is also used in the next chapter of these guidelines to help illustrate how to fill in the application form.