Pakistan ranks consistently among the top 10 countries most affected by the climate crisis and natural disasters. Responding to these cascading risks and impacts requires transdisciplinary, cross‑scale and cross‑sector action. This case study is part of the publication “Adaptation Gap Report 2023: Underfinanced. Underprepared. Inadequate investment and planning on climate adaptation leaves world exposed” (ISBN No: 978-92-807-4092-9). Suggested citation: Cascading impacts and floods: Building adaptive capacity in Pakistan. An online resource of Adaptation Gap Report 2023: Underfinanced. Underprepared. Inadequate investment and planning on climate adaptation leaves world exposed. Nairobi. https://doi.org/10.59117/20.500.11822/43796