This Policy Brief contributes to the goal of operationalizing loss and damage solutions and guiding global policies on the issues by identifying potential areas where science can readily support loss and damage solutions. This brief seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What is the current state of knowledge and the status of recognition of loss and damage in national policy documents? 2. What are the key science gaps obstructing the effective implementation of measures to avert, minimize and address loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change? 3. What are the policy gaps and possible mechanisms to better address observed and projected loss and damage?