To support implementation of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, this report focuses on finance flows and investment needs for restoration. Ecosystem restoration is based on “the process of halting and reversing degradation, resulting in improved ecosystem services and recovered biodiversity” (FAO 2021). Active restoration includes different restoration approaches (World Bank 2022): • Regenerative agriculture: cover cropping, agroforestry, no-till farming • Forest and landscape restoration: agroforestry, planting of native species • Restoration of aquatic production systems: stream restoration, reintroduction of native species, coral rehabilitation • Ecological restoration: reintroduction of key native animal and plant species, invasive species eradication • Rewilding: reintroduction of key native animal and plant species This report focuses on nature-based solutions (NbS) that can reverse degradation across ecosystems by restoring and sustainably managing land and seascapes. This analysis covers activities that directly contribute to ecosystem restoration as depicted in the boxed area of Figure 1.1, from repairing ecosystem function through regenerative agriculture to full recovery of natural ecosystems.