This study was commissioned by the Yukon Parks Branch of the Department of Environment, Government of Yukon. Its purpose is to assess the significance of the Peel Watershed, a wilderness region within the central Yukon that is currently undergoing a regional planning process to determine the appropriate balance of uses for the future, Including conservation, traditional use, economic development and resource extraction. This report provides an international perspective to the significance of the Peel Watershed within the Arctic, focusing on the extent and quality of this wilderness particularly with respect to its biodiversity and recreational values. In addition to being examined at Arctic and continental (North America) scales, the Peel Watershed is also considered in more detail as a river basin level.