Contribution of the thermal infrared band of Landsat-7 ETM+ in the detection of seawater pollution along the Lebanese shoreline
| dc.contributor.author | United Nations Environment Programme | |
| dc.coverage.spatial | Lebanon | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-10-11T20:07:54Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-10-11T20:07:54Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://wedocs.unep.org/20.500.11822/8747 | |
| dc.description | The marine environment in Lebanon has been recently affected by land-derived pollution. This problem mostly concerns areas with dense urban activities. While threatening the marine ecosystem, it also affects, as a consequence, the human populations. Along the225 km shoreline, 75 permanent or temporary watercourses discharge polluted and wastewater into the sea, with also numerous sewage outlets and oil spills. These pollution inputs are categorized under four major classes: 1) wastewater inflows | |
| dc.description | 2) river transported sediments and debris | |
| dc.description | 3) thermal inflows | |
| dc.description | 4) chemical and oily fluids. The true areal extent of these pollutions is not well identified yet, which requests a comprehensive and continuous observation of the coastal waters. The thermal bands of satellite images of Landsat-7 ETM+ can be successfully utilized for this purpose. The principle of this identification relies upon thermal discrimination between seawater and polluted water temperatures. This thermal mapping has identified 49 major sources of pollution in the Lebanese marine environment, the nature of which has been checked in the field. Most of them are related to uncontrolled human activities, such as sewage outfall, refineries and factories. These results should provide decision-makers with a sound base for implementing the necessary mitigation policies. | |
| dc.language | English | |
| dc.publisher | United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) | |
| dc.rights | Public | en_US |
| dc.subject | coast protection | en_US |
| dc.subject | coastal area | en_US |
| dc.subject | coastal ecosystem | en_US |
| dc.subject | coastal environment | en_US |
| dc.subject | coastal pollution | en_US |
| dc.subject | coastal water | en_US |
| dc.subject | marine conservation area | en_US |
| dc.subject | marine ecosystem | en_US |
| dc.subject | marine fauna | en_US |
| dc.subject | marine pollution | en_US |
| dc.subject | land-based marine pollution | en_US |
| dc.subject | sea resource | en_US |
| dc.subject | sea water protection | en_US |
| dc.subject | environmental management | en_US |
| dc.subject | thermal pollution | en_US |
| dc.title | Contribution of the thermal infrared band of Landsat-7 ETM+ in the detection of seawater pollution along the Lebanese shoreline | |
| dc.type | Reports, Books and Booklets | en_US |
| wd.identifier.sdgio | http://purl.unep.org/sdg/SDGIO_00000048 | |
| wd.identifier.sdgio | http://purl.unep.org/sdg/SDGIO_00000037 |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Integrated Management of Watersheds in Relation to Management and Conservation of Nearshore Coastal and Marine Areas in the East Asian Seas Region: Phase 1 - Assessment of Effects of River Discharges of Sediments, Nutrients and Pollutants on Coastal Wetlands, Seagrass Beds and Coral Reefs; A Regional Overview – RCU/EAS Technical Reports Series No. 13
(1997)This document synthesizes the national inventories and synopses in four thematic overviews on coral reefs, seagrass beds, coastal wetlands, and watersheds and attempts to focus on the linkages between the sources of SNP ... -
DECISION OF THE MEETING - Nineteenth Ordinary Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean and its Protocols; Regional Strategy for Prevention of and Response to Marine Pollution from Ships (2016-2021)
(UNEP/MAP, 12/02/2016)Adopt a Regional Strategy for Prevention of and Response to Marine Pollution from Ships (2016-2021). Its main objectives include prevention of pollution, prevention of maritime accidents and preparation for response to ... -
DECISION OF THE MEETING - Fifteenth Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean and its Protocols; Guidelines for the Determination of Liability and Compensation for Damage resulting from Pollution of the Marine Environment in the Mediterranean Sea Area
(UNEP/MAP, 18/01/2008)Adopt the Guidelines for the Determination of Liability and Compensation for Damage resulting from Pollution of the Marine Environment in the Mediterranean Sea Area; Invite the Contracting Parties to implement the Guidelines ...
