This Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) is a scientific and technical assessment, through which the water-related environmental issues and problems of the Caspian Sea region have been identified and quantified, their causes analyzed and their impacts, both environmental and economic, assessed. The analysis involves an identification of causes and impacts at national, regional, and global levels and the socio-economic, legal, political and institutional context within which they occur. The identification of the root causes specifies sources, locations, and sectors.