Over the past few years, the issue of gender in waste management has received increasing attention, highlighting that waste production and management is not gender neutral. In fact, existing gender inequalities, responsibilities and roles largely shape how waste is situated in many social and economic systems. This report examines the relationship between gender and waste through case studies carried out in the capital cities of Bhutan (Thimphu), Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar) and Nepal (Kathmandu). The current gendered profile of the waste sector in the three countries is the product of people’s attitudes about men and women and the associated stereotypes directly linked to everyday life. Gender inequalities and norms are embedded in almost every aspect of waste management and are distinctly evident throughout the entire value chain, mirroring existing socioeconomic structures.