This desk study was initiated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Oral Health Program in collaboration with the respective Ministries of Health and the Ministry of Environment and in line with global initiatives to reduce mercury pollution. It is a component of the East Africa Dental Amalgam Project (EADAP) whose aim to explore essential conditions for a phase down in the use of dental amalgam and its alternatives. The study aimed at obtaining data and information on dental amalgam trade flows and current dentists’ practices in handling and waste management of dental amalgam and its alternatives in three East African countries- Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.