This report provides a broad overview of the landscape of climate change governance in Afghanistan in order to identify past achievements and current and future entry points for the further mainstreaming of climate change into the country’s national development framework.  The report focuses primarily on the government institutions, legislative frameworks, sectoral policies and strategies, and interministerial coordination mechanisms relevant to addressing Afghanistan’s urgent climate change adaptation and mitigation needs. Particular emphasis is placed on the most crucial areas identified in Afghanistan’s National Adaptation Programme of Action: agriculture, biodiversity and ecosystems, energy and infrastructure, forests and rangelands, natural disasters, and water.