The overall goals of the climate change and security assessment are to identify and explain how climate change may exacerbate threats to security, and to propose effective measures in response. This study recommends that the Governments of the Eastern European countries take swift actions from the local to the regional level to tackle the impacts of climate change and the implications for security. Some of the proposed areas of intervention, including those matching the priorities of the Environment and Security Initiative, will need strengthened regional co-operation as well as more consistent and targeted international support.