The report is structured as follows: Chapter 2 sets the scene for further analysis by providing an overview of the economic, demographic and social situation and trends, which have relevance for SCP in Africa. Chapter 3 reviews the progress and achievements made in key theme areas relevant for SCP in the region: the development of the African 10-YFP, sustainable energy development, industrial production, food production and consumption, buildings, transport services, water and sanitation, waste generation and management, policies and instruments. The sections under each theme consider its relevance to SCP, current status and trends, resulting environmental and social impacts, and the status of SCP-relevant policies related to the theme. Opportunities and positive initiatives are also presented. A focus is kept on implementation initiatives taking place at the city level. Chapter 4 focuses on the challenges and constraints for the development of SCP in Africa. Barriers to the spreading of positive initiatives and the key issues for developing SCP in Africa are discussed. Chapter 5 reflects on the lessons learned and identifies the way forward. It lays emphasis on the institutional and policy mechanisms, the supporting tools and instruments, the means of implementation and the requirement for education at all levels. Finally the main conclusions derived from the review are given in Chapter 6.