This note provides an overview of the vaccine cold chain in general and COVID-19 in particular, its requirements and challenges. First, the effects of temperature on these vaccines, old and new, and their storage and transport requirements should be known. Second, the temperature-controlled logistics of vaccines in general and COVID-19 vaccines in particular, and the equipment and solutions used for their cold chain, must be analysed. Finally, if refrigeration is essential for our health as well as for our food, it must be sustainable, and it is therefore necessary to analyse the challenges to be met so that the cold chain for vaccines disrupted by COVID-19, is sustainable in the short, medium, and long term.