This report examines the strengths and weaknesses of various policy response options that have been used to manage ecosystem services, as well as identifying policy and management options for improving human well-being while conserving ecosystems. This book further evaluates the current understanding of how human decisions and policies influence ecosystems, ecosystem services and consequently, human well being. This responses assessment consists of a three-stage approach. The first stage focuses on factors that may either rule out a particular response or may define the critical preconditions for its success. The second stage compared responses are across multiple dimensions, identifying compatibility or conflict between different policy objectives. Finally, responses are evaluated from different perspectives in order to provide guidance from the decision-making point of view.