The frequency at which the country is expected to produce state of environment reports is enshrined in the Environment Act, 2001. In terms of section 10 (q) Government is expected to produce state of environment reports once every five years. This is the second State of the Environment Report (SoER) for Lesotho and it provides an update on the first SoER that was prepared in 1997. SOER is one of the tools which provide an analysis of the state of environment and the driving forces behind environmental change, and consequences on the social and economic activities. It also discusses government’s responses to the changes. These are in the form of polices, programmes and projects.