This edition is the final paper prepared within the Ministry of Nature Protection of Turkmenistan project “Turkmenistan: National Capacity Building Needs Self Assessment” (NCSA). It summaries the results of the thematic reviews and cross assessments of national capacity building needs of Turkmenistan for the purposes of implementation of three global environmental conventions of Rio de Janeiro, and namely, UN Convention on Biological Diversity, UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and UN Convention to Combat Desertification.