The report, aims to present a compilation of available knowledge on the life cycle of mercury in crude oil and natural gas, to better understand the behaviour and emission and release pathways of mercury, particularly during the extraction, processing, management and waste disposal stages, and to illustrate various technologies for controlling the releases. It has been compiled from expert consultations and open access sources of information in order to present a critical review of existing knowledge and information gaps concerning mercury from oil and gas, to showcase the different reduction methods, and to provide relevant suggestions for further work including research and cooperation. It is intended for stakeholders from governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental institutions, industry, academia and any other interested parties.