This chapter examines how the aspirations articulated in Agenda 2030 and Agenda 2063 can be met without compromising air quality and human health, and in a way that is compatible with the Paris Agreement, limiting the increase in temperature and damage associated with climate change. Of importance is the analysis of implications of current and projected policies and measures with respect to human vulnerability to environmental degradation, climate change and intergenerational, gender and youth aspects of development.