In 2011, two scientific global assessments coordinated by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) identified a number of win-win measures for near-term climate change and clean air benefits. Implementation of these cost-effective and readily available measures, which target reducing emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) in key sectors, can bring rapid and multiple benefits for human well-being and support countries achieve their development objectives, while simultaneously increasing their ambition for climate mitigation in the near term. The reduction in SLCP emissions should, however, be done in parallel with the reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions.