This report focuses on the role of natural resources in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) programmes and illustrates how the management of natural resources can be used to promote more effective and sustainable reintegration. Part 1 of the report explores the relationship between natural resources, conflict economies and armed groups. Part 2 introduces the linkages between various natural resource sectors and DDR programmes, covering both potential risks as well as opportunities. Part 3 elaborates on the key entry points for DDR programmes to engage different natural resources sectors, particularly for reinsertion and reintegration activities. The recommendations put forward in Part 4 help policy makers and practitioners to effectively integrate the opportunities and mitigate the risks from natural resources to ensure more sustainable and effective DDR programmes.