This booklet aims to show through examples that by applying cleaner production, industry and consumers anywhere in the world can gain environmental benefits while reducing costs. The purpose of this booklet is to illustrate the variety of approaches that are possible and to stimulate readers to find similar cost-effective solutions. The applications here range from low to high technology. They show examples from small and medium sized enterprises, large industrial companies, and from plants in rural locations to those in overcrowded and highly industrialised cities, in a variety of countries. They show how seriously the concept of cleaner production is being taken by some governments, industries and individuals. The fundamental point is this: If is better for society to prevent, than cure.